ABSTRACT
Purpose: To assess and analyze the visual outcomes of patients with retinal vein occlusions in a real?world setting with a long?term follow?up of more than 5 years. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 56 patients having retinal vein occlusions from a tertiary eye center, with a mean follow?up of 7 years was performed. Primary outcome measures were mean change in best?corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and final visit (?5 years), proportion of patients having BCVA better than 20/40 and worse than 20/200, and mean number of injections. Secondary outcome measures were change in central macular thickness (CMT), development of subsequent retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in same eye or the other eye, and development of neovascular complications. Results: The mean change in letter score was + 11.84 in branch RVO (BRVO), +7.14 in non?ischemic central RVO (CRVO), and ?9.5 in ischemic CRVO at 1 year, which changed to + 8.57, ?5 and ? 24, respectively, at the end of follow?up. CMT had improved from 506 ± 98.8 ?m, 576.44 ± 149 ?m, and 618 ± 178.27 ?m, respectively, at baseline to 267 ± 94 ?m, 345.20 ± 122.61 ?m, and 265.50 ± 107.75 ?m, respectively, in BRVO, non?ischemic, and ischemic hemi RVO (HRVO)/CRVO groups. The total mean number of injections given in BRVO, non?ischemic CRVO, and ischemic CRVO groups were 4.6, 6.6, and 4.1, respectively. None of the patients with BRVO developed neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Non?ischemic to ischemic HRVO/CRVO conversion was noted in 4/11 eyes at a mean duration of 12.6 months. NVG was noted in 7/9 eyes (77.8%) in initial ischemic CRVO/HRVO group and 3/4 (75%) converted eyes. Conclusion: Patients with BRVO have good visual outcomes with anti?VEGF, while in CRVO results may vary considerably owing to patient compliance and treatment burden on long?term follow?up in a real?world setting
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To compare the efficacy of Kane formula with Sanders Retzlaff Kraff/Theoretical (SRK/T) and Barrett Universal II in predicting intraocular lens (IOL) power in Indian eyes. Methods: This retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care eye hospital. Data from patients having uneventful cataract surgery with Tecnis ZCB00 IOL implantation were obtained from Lenstar and electronic medical records. Eyes were divided into subgroups based on axial length (AL) as short (<22.0 mm), medium (22� mm), and long (>24 mm). The predicted refractive outcome for each patient was calculated after optimizing the lens constant. Prediction error was calculated by subtracting the predicted spherical equivalent from achieved spherical equivalent 1 week post?surgery. The mean absolute error (MAE) and median absolute error (MedAE) and percentage of eyes within 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 D were calculated for each formula. Friedman test, Cochrane Q test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of the 350 eyes included in the study, we found that without lens constant optimization, Barrett formula performed better than SRK/T and Kane (P < 0.0001). Over the entire range of axial lengths, Kane formula performed slightly inferior compared to Barrett and SRK?T, both of which performed equally well (P = 0.006). On subgroup analysis, Kane formula performed inferiorly for medium eyes as compared to the other two. No significant differences were noted between the formulae for short and long eyes. Conclusion: Kane formula did not outperform Barrett Universal II and SRK/T in Indian eyes